Theodor Mommsen

Theodor Mommsen (1817–1903) was a German historian, jurist, and scholar renowned for revolutionizing Roman history through rigorous analysis of inscriptions and his masterpiece *Römische Geschichte* (*History of Rome*), which earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902. Born in Garding, Schleswig, to a Protestant pastor, he studied law and classics at Kiel University, traveled extensively in Italy, held professorships at Leipzig, Zürich, Breslau, and Berlin, and edited the *Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum*. Active in the 1848 revolution and Prussian politics, Mommsen transformed classical studies with his scientific approach and political engagement.[1][2][4][6]