Nancy L. Caroline

Nancy L. Caroline was an American physician and pioneer in emergency medical services, serving as medical director of Freedom House Ambulance Service in Pittsburgh, the first paramedic-staffed service in the US, where she trained non-physicians in advanced emergency skills.[1][2][3] She later became the first medical director of Magen David Adom in Israel, training its initial paramedics and earning the nickname 'Israel's Mother Teresa.'[1][4] She authored the seminal textbook *Emergency Care in the Streets*, still in use today, and worked until her death from cancer in 2002.[4][5]