J D: Passavant

Johann David Passavant (1787–1861) was a German painter, art historian, and museum director who began his career as a Nazarene painter before shifting to scientific art history. He published the first scientific monograph on Raphael in 1839 and served as the superintendent of the Städelsches Kunstinstitut from 1840. His work bridged the transition from making art to theorizing about it and managing museum collections.