International Institute for Strategic Studies

The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is a leading independent think tank founded in 1958 in London by Michael Howard, Denis Healey, and Alastair Buchan to address strategic issues in the nuclear age during the Cold War.[1][2][3] Headquartered at Arundel House in London with offices worldwide, it specializes in research, data, and policy analysis on defence, security, geopolitical risks, and international military capabilities, hosting major global security summits.[1][2][3]