Friedrich Engels

Friedrich Engels was a German philosopher, revolutionary socialist, and the closest collaborator of Karl Marx, co-authoring The Communist Manifesto in 1848 and editing volumes II and III of Das Kapital after Marx's death.[1][2][3] Born into a wealthy industrial family in Barmen, Prussia, he worked in the family cotton mill in Manchester, where he witnessed working-class conditions, inspiring his seminal work The Condition of the Working Class in England.[1][3] After retiring in 1869, he devoted himself to promoting Marxism through writings like Anti-Dühring and guiding the international socialist movement until his death in London.[2][6]